Sedimentation rates test models of oceanic detachment faulting

Timing and Rates of Quaternary Normal Faulting in Central Tibet

In Summer 1998, a 400 km long seismic refraction profile (INDEPTH III) was shot in Central Tibet. Apart from recording the signals of 11 shots along the line, the stations also recorded a number of local earthquakes more or less in the extension of the line. Record sections and travel time data from both shots and earthquakes were compiled and interpreted jointly. The following peculiarities ar...

Methodological Underestimation of Oceanic Nitrogen Fixation Rates

The two commonly applied methods to assess dinitrogen (N(2)) fixation rates are the (15)N(2)-tracer addition and the acetylene reduction assay (ARA). Discrepancies between the two methods as well as inconsistencies between N(2) fixation rates and biomass/growth rates in culture experiments have been attributed to variable excretion of recently fixed N(2). Here we demonstrate that the (15)N(2)-t...

Test of Two Methods for Faulting in Finite-Difference Calculations

Tests of two fault boundary conditions show that each converges with second order accuracy as the finite-difference grid is refined. The first method uses split nodes so that there are disjoint grids that interact via surface traction. The 3D version described here is a generalization of a method I have used extensively in 2D; it is as accurate as the 2D version. The second method represents fa...

Oceanic Islands: Models of Diversity

adaptive radiation Evolution of ecological and phenotypic diversity within a rapidly multiplying lineage. allopatric Occurring in separate, nonoverlapping geographic areas. dioecious In plants, having the male and female reproductive organs borne on separate individuals of the same species. disharmony The nonrandom representation of biota among natural colonists of oceanic islands as compared w...

Mylonitic Deformation at the Kane Oceanic Core Complex: Implications for the Rheological Behavior of Oceanic Detachment Faults